A considerable amount of further research has been carried out since the Parish at War articles were first published several years ago.The updated research is now  published in the book A Parish at War launched on 11.11.11 and obtainable via Deddington Library or email Rob Forsyth


As narrated by Bill to Wendy Burrows

 

Corporal William (Bill) Cowley RM

Cowley,Billinberet
Bill was born in Deddington in 1925. The family’s home was in The Stile.


He volunteered for the Royal Marines at the age of 17 and was called up at the end of 1942 and sent to Lympstone Barracks, near Exmouth, in Devon, where he distinguished himself by being the best all-round cadet in the squad and was presented with a red diamond-shaped badge to put on his left shoulder.

He was sent to Deal Barracks on a NCO’s course and promoted to full Corporal, then to Towyn in N.Wales, a holding camp.

Bill was selected into the Commandos and was sent to Achnakerry, near Fort William in Scotland, an estate owned by Lord Lovett, where he went through intensive Commando training. He was trained to look after himself.

He then went to 46 Commando Royal Marines in civilian billets in Ramsgate, then to Sandown in the Isle of Wight, where he trained for the D-Day landings and the capture of 6 German Batteries of coastal guns at Merville, Normandy. On landing, he was up to his neck in the sea, carrying all his heavy equipment, as the landing craft could not get close enough for a dry landing. Even his cigarettes got soaked!

The German guns were captured by the 6th Airborne Division, so the change of plan was to clear the German fortifications at Luc-sur-Mere, attacking houses full of Germans.
The flushed-out Germans were then escorted to the beach and sent to England as prisoners-of-war.
Bill’s Division was then joined up with the Canadian 3rd Division and were sent to capture the village of Rots.  They advanced at 5am and cleared the Rue river valley of Germans, suffering no casualities, fought through a wood and came to a cornfield in front of Rots.  The Germans had machine guns along a hedge the far side of the field in front of houses.
The order came to fix bayonets and to advance through the cornfield, firing rifles.  22 men died in this action and many were wounded and taken prisoner by the Germans.  Those left held the village all night and were 7 miles in front of everyone else. Next morning they were told to retreat, to prevent being cut off. They lost their second-in-command, Major John Lee.

The Canadians buried 122 Germans. Bill took 2 prisoners - Hitler youths of 17 or 18 years. They withdrew back to the original front line, not having eaten, washed or slept for days. They were then ordered to join the 6th Airborne Division, holding the left flank of a bridgehead against Germans for 2 to 3 weeks. Canadians and Americans were on the right flank. They fought their way down to Trouan, which they held for a few days, being shelled each day and night.

It was at Trouan that Bill’s luck ran out  -  he was badly injured.  This was in August 1944.  He was put on the top of a jeep on a stretcher and taken to the Trouan casualty clearing station.  He had 7 pieces of shrapnel in him, one of which lodged in his brain.  His right shoulder and right hip were shattered and a knee and forearm were badly wounded.  He was taken to a field hospital near the beach, a large marquee with a red cross on the roof.  He was flown to Benson and taken to the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford, but there were no beds, so he was taken in an ambulance train to Bath Royal United Hospital for an operation to remove the shrapnel from his brain.  He was in a coma for 7 weeks and was invalided out with a pension of £2 per week.

He was on crutches for 3 years. He worked at Wells and Son draper’s shop in Deddington Market Place for 30 years, then in Field’s, a draper’s shop in Banbury. He then became caretaker at Deddington School for 15 years up to retirement.